Nutrients, respiratory gases, and wastes move unidirectionally.Ion fluxes are restricted and move selectively by active transport.Electrolytes determine the chemical and physical reactions of fluids.This reflects the activity of cellular ATP-dependent sodium-potassium pumps.Sodium and potassium concentrations in extra- and intracellular fluids are nearly opposites.ECFs are similar except for the high protein content of plasma.Water moves according to osmotic gradientsĮach fluid compartment of the body has a distinctive pattern of electrolytes.Electrolytes have greater osmotic power than nonelectrolytes.Nonelectrolytes – examples include glucose, lipids, creatinine, and urea.Electrolytes are inorganic salts, all acids and bases, and some proteins.Metabolic water produced during dehydration synthesis of anabolism.Ingested foods and liquids (preformed water).Water is the main component of all body fluids making up 45-75% of the total body weight.Blood Plasma - 20% of ECF found in circulatory system.Humor and vitreous body of eyes, between serous and visceral membranes, glomerular filtrate of kidneys. Interstitial Fluid - 80% of ECF is found in localized areas: lymph, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, aqueous.Extracellular Fluid (ECF) - all fluids found outside the cells, comprises 40% of all body fluids.Intracellular Fluid (ICF) - fluid found in the cells (cytoplasm, nucleoplasm) comprises 60% of all body fluids.Respiratory/Renal Compensation/Metabolic Acidosisįluid Balance- The amount of water gained each day equals the amount lostĮlectrolyte Balance - The ions gained each day equals the ions lostĪcid-Base Balance - Hydrogen ion (H +) gain is offset by their loss Regulation of Sodium Balance: Aldosterone Associate Degree Nursing Physiology Review

Diagram body fluid compartments